Researching Tiktok as a new form of digital communication

The TikTalk is a research project that aims to better understand TikTok's role in digital communication and media. To participate, simply click the button below or go to the "Let's Talk" page and answer some quick questions. It takes about 10 minutes to complete. My research exists within digital humanities and platform studies. By using comprehensive, informed method of content and cultural analysis, I will be able to determine the extent to which popular content and platform attributes affect the way we share stories, experience humour, create transcendent culture, and communicate with one another through digital media. TikTok is a viral social media that has accrued over 1 Billion downloads. The implications that medias have when user bases become enormous samples are significant to the effects they have on the way users share on digital platforms in general. I will be dissecting how people create and consume media on TikTok and how it differs from our past digital landscapes. Social media and digital media in general as well as content creators must adapt to the evolving ways in which people experience online content and this research is crucial in beginning to understand that growth.

Why TikTok?

“Stories are powerful. The stories that we believe. The stories that we live into shape our daily practices, from moment to moment” (Loveless 2019). Natalie Loveless, Associate Professor of Contemporary Art and Theory at the University of Alberta, makes this statement in her book How to Make Art at the End of the World: A Manifesto for Research-Creation to illustrate the importance of narrative understanding. The stories we tell, the way we tell them, and how they are interpreted are foundational elements of communication science and (of equal importance) the art and humanities that are created in tandem. Narrative communication has evolved simultaneously with the evolution of technological and networking practices. Stories are no longer only being told linearly, directly, and in a single medium of delivery. The media creation that the popularization of social media has prompted is unlike any communication that has been witnessed in the past. As Colette Daiute at the 2014 Interactive Digital Storytelling Conference explains that “[d]igital storytelling is multi-modal, multi-interactive, playful, and sometimes profound. While complex, dynamic, and unpredictable, interactive digital storytelling is symbolic communication and, as such, invites analysis as well as surprise and enjoyment” (Daiute 2014). Social medias like Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, and Snapchat have invited users in recent years to create and experience user generated content to communicate with their respective networks and (sometimes) beyond. However, there has never been a medium of communication and media production that has achieved the popularity that TikTok has accrued. Not only is TikTok one of the most downloaded apps of all time, it is also a platform that is unmatched by its media counterparts. By combining collaborative narrative creation, memetic theory, mimicry, in-app audio and visual media tools, and user based algorithms, TikTok has created a medium that promotes cultural growth and collective creation and understanding. This is a phenomena that could have some penetrative implications on the way users communicate on and outside of the app and how they interpret culture and information. Furthermore, there is very little scholarship on TikTok. The American app Musical.ly was purchased by ByteDance, a Chinese company that created TikTok, in 2017, and has therefore only recently achieved popularity in North America where my research is situated. According to Jonathon Hutchinson based on submissions to the Association of Internet Researchers conference 2019, “The research that has been submitted can be read as a very strong overview and indicator of where the field is currently, and where it is heading”(Hutchinson 2019). My proposed work aligns with ‘hot’ internet research topics identified by Hitchinson, namely research into algorithms and platforms. And while this year’s AIR conference saw “a rise of focus on emerging Chinese social media platforms”(Hutchinson 2019), the focus was on WeChat and Weibo, without a single paper dedicated to Tik Tok. My research is located in an increasingly urgent area of interest in the field and fills a gap.

Methodology

I will be using TikTok’s most popular videos and trends to gain user input and use that data to identify popular platform elements. This will inform my auto-ethnographic research in order to make objective, dynamic conclusions. Digital Humanities is a fluid and evolving field. I am adopting a mixed methodology approach not only to ensure that collective information produces a consistent conclusion, but also to allow multi-faceted analysis of culture, art, and digital platform.